GBL 295 EXAM 2 Essay examples - 1543 Words

GBL 295 Exam 2 Tort: A â€Å"Civil Wrong† Torts refer to a general classification covering civil causes of action providing private remedy for injury to one party caused by the tortious conduct of another party. The goal of tort law is to shift / distribute losses from victims to perpetrators. Compensation: Through the award of damages. The object of compensation is to place the victim in the position he/she was before the tort was committed. Difficult to do, so we compensate. Assault: Occurs when one person intentionally puts another in reasonable fear of an imminent offensive or harmful bodily contact Battery: Harmful or offensive touching  ­ includes pushing, punching, spitting, or shooting. False Imprisonment: The†¦show more content†¦Objective test of defendant’s actions compared to that which a reasonable person would do in the same situation. Anticipating what others may reasonably do should regulate conduct. Reasonable ­Man Standard: Requires that we act with the care and good judgment of a reasonable person as not to cause injury to others. Defense to Negligence: ââ€"  Contributory negligence: Defendant may not have to pay, his negligence may only have been part of the problem (some states) ââ€"  Comparative negligence: Applies when a plaintiff is partially at fault therefore the defendants payment will be reduced (most states) ââ€"  Assumption of the risk: If plaintiff is aware of the danger, but decides to subject themselves to the risk anyway Negligence Per Se: Violation of a standard of care set by statute. Example: injuring a pedestrian while illegally drunk driving. Conditions are as follows... ââ€"  Statute prohibits or requires action. ââ€"  Defendant’s actions violate statute. ââ€"  Plaintiff’s injuries are the kind the statute was designed to protect against. ââ€"  Plaintiff is within the group the statute was designed to protect. Product Liability: Liability associated with harm caused by a consumer product. Initially, only seller was at risk, now liability extends through entire chain of manufacture. Strict Liability: Concept where liability results, regardless of fault. Strict liability does not involve

The Financial Crisis Of 2008 - 1341 Words

The financial crisis of 2008 was the worst economic disaster since the Great Depression. It caused the collapse, take over, merging, or buying out of financial services firms and banks such as, Lehman Brothers, Merill Lynch, Wells Fargo, Goldman Sachs, AIG, Royal Bank of Scotland, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. The â€Å"Big Three† credit rating agencies, Standard Poor’s, Moody’s, and Fitch Ratings, were at the helm of the financial crisis of 2008 because they were all found of wrongly assigning triple- A securities ratings to mortgages and debt assets that were way below â€Å"investment grade† level, which greatly contributed to the growing financial crisis. The ensuing result of the financial crisis of 2008 was the Great Recession, a period of great economic decline in America and the rest of the world. The financial crisis and Great Recession were triggered by subprime mortgages and mortgage backed securities, known as Collaterized Debt Obligations (CDO s). Mortgage-backed securities are a form of an asset-backed security that deals with different type of mortgages, while subprime mortgages are mortgages that are loaned out to people with low credit scores. CDO’s are very complex because they are built into different levels, known as tranches, that consist of various types of assets. The tranches of CDO’s are structured on the basis of risk, with the lowest credit rated tranches holding the highest amount of risk. A demand for mortgage-backed securities and subprime mortgagesShow MoreRelatedThe Financial Crisis Of 20081384 Words   |  6 PagesThe turmoil in the financial markets also known as the financial crisis of 2008 was considered the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression. Many areas of the United States suffered. The housing market plummeted and as a result of that, many evictions occurred, as well as foreclosures and unemployment. Leading up to the financial crash, most of the money that was made by investors was based on people speculating on investments like real estate, stocks, debt buying, and complex investmentRead MoreThe Financial Crisis Of 20081747 Words   |  7 PagesThe economic crisis of 2008 was one for the ages, it changed the world of investing forever. That year, the stock market crashed, bank failures and the infamous wall street bailout that can all be traced back to the subprime mortgage crisis.. The 2008 economic crisis rocked the global economy for the worst, and to this day the United States is trying to recover from the impact that the crisis had. In order to understand why exactly the banks failed people have to understand the subprime mortgageRead MoreThe Financial Crisis Of 20081817 Words   |  8 PagesThe financial crisis of 2008 did not arise by chance. The meltdown was precipitated by systematic striping away of the New Deal era policies of bank regulation. Most notable of these deregulatory acts was that of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999. This bill repealed the legislation which held commercial banks and investment banks separate. As the beginning of the 21 century approached many bankers clamored for an end to the policy of the â€Å"firewall† between Investment and commercial banks. Gramm-Leach-BlileyRead MoreFinancial Crisis 20085972 Words   |  24 PagesCORPORATE FINANCE THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS 2008 Group’s member:Nguyá »â€¦n NhÆ ° Nam (C)Phan Thu AnNguyá »â€¦n Thà ¹y DungHoà  ng Bà ¡ SÆ ¡nNgà ´ Thá »â€¹ à nh Tuyá º ¿tDate: 28/11/2014 | AbstractIn 2008 the world was fell into the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of 1929-1933. Although this crisis has gone, however, its consequences for the economy of many countries is very serious, even now many nations are still struggling to escape difficulty. Just in a short period, the crisis originating from AmericaRead MoreThe Financial Crisis Of 2008 Essay2044 Words   |  9 PagesThe 2008 financial meltdown resulted in the most treacherous investment landscape observed since the great depression. The most notorious issue was the subprime mortgage crisis, which had a ripple effect felt through every market in the world. The banks, whose leverage rate should never have been higher than two times capitalization, surged as high as thirty to forty times market cap. With this level of exposure, any unforeseen market fluctuations could mean disaster. Lehman Brothers, the oldestRead MoreThe Financial Crisis Of 20081125 Words   |  5 PagesA mortgage meltdown and financial crisis of unbelievable magnitude was brewing and very few people, including politicians, the media, and the poor unsuspecting mortgage borrowers anticipated the ramifications that were about to occur. The financial crisis of 2008 was the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression; ultimately coalescing into the largest bankruptcies in world history--approximately 30 million people lost their jobs, trillions of dollars in wealth diminished, and millions ofRead MoreThe Financial Crisis Of 20081689 Words   |  7 PagesOur society seems to doing well since the financial crisis of 2008. The country is recovering from the Great Recession, unemployment is down and the global domestic product is up. People have jobs and are paying taxes. President Obama lowered our budget deficit and promised to make healthcare more available to all. On average, America is well on its way to recovery. But what about the people that slipped through the cracks of the financial stimulus pl an? These are the people that lost their jobsRead MoreThe Financial Crisis Of 2008 Essay2553 Words   |  11 PagesWhen you think of the 2008 financial crisis that affected not just the US economy, but the world as a whole, most average middle-class Americans won’t really know what triggered this economic disaster. Most will probably blame, and rightfully so, those large corporations on Wall Street. These corporations, which deal with insanely large amounts of money, will always be wary of their stocks decreasing. But they also know that 99% of the time, everything will go back to normal in the future. What theyRead MoreThe Financial Crisis Of 20082083 Words   |  9 PagesEver since the economic virus called â€Å"negative interest rates† scattered over European and later Japanese banks, our economic system has been the most unstable since the financial crisis of 2008. The virus, negative interest rates, is a concept in which the central bank charges interest in bor rowing money and holding an account. It was brought forth in efforts to increase economic growth by giving commercial banks a tax on the large amount of reserves they hold in the bank. In other words, commercialRead MoreFinancial Crisis of 20081794 Words   |  8 PagesThe Financial Crisis of 2008 was the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression, however a lot of American’s want tougher law of be enforced against executives and companies they think started the mess (Jost/Misconduct). Civil charges have been brought up against major banks for misleading investors, but a federal judge rejected a proposed settlement saying it was too lenient (Jost/Misconduct). The flood of subprime mortgages roiling the housing market in the U.S. is also causing the worldwide

The Virgin of Vladimir Free Essays

http://www. flickr. com/photos/t-a-a/5340663023/  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Virgin of Vladimir Byzantine painting was not realistic in its representations of the divine and super natural. We will write a custom essay sample on The Virgin of Vladimir or any similar topic only for you Order Now (Online Lectures) The final results were paintings and mosaics that had a blending of some naturalistic elements and abstractions. (Online Lectures) The unifying element was that the works were depictions of the Divine for the Church. (Online Lectures) The Virgin of Vladimir an image depicting a mother and child was given to the Russian ruler by the Byzantine emperor somewhere between 1130 and 1135. This image later became known as the Virgin of Vladimir which is believed to have been one of St. Luke’s original paintings painted from real life. (Unknown) As of today it is now considered to be the work of a twelfth century Byzantine artist, to date its true creator is still unknown. This icon has come to be considered the most important and most powerful icon in Russia. (Unknown) This is one of the most copied icons over generations. This icon was credited with protecting Russia in several battles. F. S. Kleiner) Because of this, the Virgin of Vladimir was held in close regards by rulers of Russia. (Unknown) Whenever the capital moved, the icon moved as well. It eventually ended up in Moscow in the late fifteenth century. The Virgin, as seen in the example image that I choose, is holding the child in a tender embrace while looking out to the viewer. It has been said that she is acknowledging Christ’s future sacrifice for all of mankind. This image exhibits all of th e characteristic Byzantine traits: her straight long nose and small mouth, the golden rays in the infant’s drapery; the decorative sweep of the unbroken contour that encloses the two figures; and the flat silhouette against the golden ground. †   (F. S. Kleiner)   This work of art is unified. The artist used actual proportions in this painting; the child is proportionally smaller than the mother. The vividness of the hues of yellows and oranges worked well creating a harmonious piece of art. Overall, I think that this is an interestingly balanced piece of art. Works Cited Kleiner, Fred S. and Mamiya, Christin J. Gardner’s Art Through the Ages: A Concise History of Western Art. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing, 2007. â€Å"Byzantine Art. † Online Lectures: History of Art in Early Civilization ART1020 XD. Web. 3 September 2011. Unknown. Art Through Time: A Global View . unknown unknown unknown. 4 September 2011 ;http://www. learner. org/courses/globalart/work/219/index. html;. How to cite The Virgin of Vladimir, Papers

Understanding Empathy

Question: Describe about Empathy, the scope of empathy understanding and barriers to empathic. Answer: Introduction Empathy refers to the scenario where a person or a counselor understands another individuals situation or condition from their views. In this way, you get into their situations and try to experience what they feel often regarding their condition or conditions. In counseling, empathy is well noticed to heighten the assisting (prosocial) behavior. Even though the United States may socialize its people to be individualistic, research has revealed that the occurrence of mirror neurons act against emotions impacted by others and later produce them again (Brener, 2014). Empathy is a good technique of counseling since it enables the counselor and the person with the condition to share experiences fearlessly. Most counselors apply this technique in most sessions. Empathy technique can be used for all categories of people which include, children, young adults, adults and the elderly (Maibom, 2014). In the field of psychotherapy and counseling, empathy understanding has been highly recommended by many counseling experts who have applied the technique. Empathy and sympathy always create a little confusion. It merely involves identifying the customer. Empathy can also be defined as an exact, emphatic comprehension of the customers experience that exists inside him or her (Stotland, Sherman Shaver, 2013). It entails accessing the customers condition as your own. The notion of as if applies in this case. Demonstrating empathy enables your client to feel connected with you. The basic ways of showing empathy is through letting all your perspectives concerning the condition aside, listen to the other person carefully and understand well, formalize the other individuals viewpoint, study your posture, inquire what the person could do and give him or her a good piece of advice after you have gathered all the evidence (Schulman, 2014). The scope of empathy understanding The United States community is not internally organized; therefore, individuals cannot view situations from other persons perspective. Rather, they look at things from their own point of view due to increased individualism. The majority of people are engaged in their own daily dealings. A good number of people usually assume to think from the perspective of other persons. However, they think is a waste of time and not beneficial. The learners in the psychotherapy or counseling happen to possess averagely minimal challenges of comprehending the scope of empathy understanding and allowing themselves into other peoples perspective. It shows that empathy understanding exists in our society but, certainly, very few people are able to practice it especially those who are specializing in it at the professional level. Empathic understanding requires a keen examination of the client. First, the counselor has no idea; it is the client who has all the ideas, perception, feeling and attitude whi ch the counselor should ensure to experience, acquire, and understand them for better counseling (Hoffman, 2013). There are three key levels of empathy understanding. First, if the customer admits the counselor to enter into his or her condition during the counseling period, then the counselor will be required to be receptive to the client. In this case, the client is likely to try and explain all the perceptions in the communication. Secondly, counselors must know and comprehend the message of the customer so that the expert gets an overview on where to start. Lastly, the counselor as a professional should speak his or her views or understanding to the customer (Morrell, 2013). The counselor can only communicate well and reasonably if he or she understands the clients experience. Ideally, a counselor will never be the other person; he or she assumes the role. The expert is unavoidably outside, but applying the as if situation to think on how to best handle the condition. A condition can be either negative or positive, the majority of people think that these conditions are only negative which is not the case. In both positive and negative conditions, the counselor needs to understand every aspect of the customers emotions, experiences, and beliefs. It now comes clear that in empathic understanding, one takes the role of the other individual and in the function; one begins exploring herself or himself as if it were the affected client. As one tries to understand the customer, experience with them and also attempt to feel like they do, the customer easily adapts in the process and gets assistance on how to express, experience and understand herself or himself (Decety, 2014). Barriers to empathic understanding The barriers to empathy are the customers and counselors deviations. Such differences include educational knowledge, gender, age, culture, religion or dominion, social and economic differences. Honestly, no one can be like the other person. Everyone is unique in his or her own ways. The differences between the two parties can have an impact that is positive or negative depending on the uniqueness of the persons or the condition that is dealt on. Some differences may hinder excellent interaction. As a counselor, you cannot have many experiences to cater for every customer (Krznaric, 2014). Different customers behave in their own ways depending on how unique they are. However, customers are from different social, economic, gender and cultural set ups, the challenge is understanding on how to communicate with all of them effectively and attempt to take their role in the process of counseling. Sometimes, the color of the person is also a challenge. How? As a counselor, you can be black a nd what happens is that the client who is white in color will definitely look down upon you due to discrimination. On the other hand, if the counselor is white, he or she may ignore to pay attention to the black client. It mainly occurs as a result of racism. For this reason, it is highly encouraged for a counselor to take and additional behavioral and social science major, to help in understanding people of different setup or background more effectively. An example of such courses is anthropology (Vincent, 2015). It is to some extent suitable for a counselor to get enough preparation before an appointment for a counseling session, especially for the potency customers. It will give a counselor enough courage to understand the clients, ask possible questions and feel confident to examine the clients. The potential clients feel to be the esteemed individuals and are very challenging during the counseling or psychotherapy period. Some of them behave as if they are so special even if they pay well. Potential customers always require first priority and great attention. As a counselor one is needed to be detailed and accurate to information (Staemmler, 2013). Techniques in Which Counselors Can Prepare Themselves Counselors can prepare themselves in many ways. However, each counselor prefers his or her own technique which works best. The methods do not equally apply to all counselors because they completely do not work for others. Below are the two key ways on how the counselors can prepare themselves before engaging in an appointment with clients. First, is through relating with the clients in the normal way, putting all the professionalism and specialty aside and just be a normal person like them. They will feel you are on the same level and feel free to share their experiences with you. Most of them will experience a connection that will exist between you and them. It will develop the understanding between the clients and a counselor due to expected acceptable interaction as a result of the acceptable relationship. Secondly, is by taking the time to read some publications, articles or literary works concerning various groups and in particular the clients you are likely to deal with in the appointment. Some of the materials to steep in include various autobiographies and biographies, novels and poetry (Goldstein Michaels, 2014). Types of empathy understanding As far as empathy understanding is concerned, it has three key categories. The types of empathy vary from one to another and they occur differently depending on the persons involved. Below is a list of these types and their explanation. Empathic concern Empathic concern refers to the capability of an individual to make out the emotional condition of the other person, experience the condition and if it is not positive, feel and demonstrate an effective regard. Most persons think of this type whenever they talk about empathy (Reynolds Reason, 2013). Individual distress Individual distress refers to a literal way of feeling someones emotional situation. For example, when you a drama, it reaches a point where you feel empathy for the actor. A good example is where the actors engage in a war and one of them gets injured to an extent where you feel on behalf of the actor. The experience you feel is what known to be individual distress (Skultans, 2014). Perspective taking Perspective taking ideally means being capable of viewing a condition from another individuals point of view. It involves assuming someones role in a condition. When getting into another persons situation, you first need to understand who the person is before engaging in perspective taking. Showing empathy Building empathy is a good skill that one requires to add in his or her skills. In the contemporary world, most people are living in fear and anger. A few lead a happy life. Therefore showing empathy to them can significantly help them move on well regardless of the challenges they go through. There are various ways in which empathy can be shown. Demonstrating empathy needs to be everyones responsibility and not only the counselors (Breggin, 2016). The ways to demonstrate empathy are discussed below. Good listening Listening is one of the crucial and acceptable ways of demonstrating empathy. When you give attention to another persons condition, they feel you are concerned because you are willing to understand what they are experiencing. Maintaining eye contact, involving facial expressions and other non-verbal cues will increase the trust of the person who has the condition in you. As a counselor, you need to monitor your body language and all the skills of active listening (Stebnicki, 2014). Open up Demonstration of empathy is a two-way experience of communication. Both communicators have to play a role and opening up will help to share the necessary experiences or emotions that will help in the counseling process. In some cases, a counselor will require giving account of his or her own past experience that they feel can be of help to the client. Provide the physical affectionateness This shows you are connected and definitely in good terms. But, not every person is comfortable with the physical touch. If you really know the person, you can hug them because you already understand the person. For the persons you do not know, just ask before you give them the physical touch. Project your focus to the person Be keen on the person you are communicating with, give attention to the feeling or experience he or she has and node to signify you are taking everything he or she reveals. Also, be mindful on how the individual interacts with you. The practice of mindfulness to the surrounding of your interacting can establish the ability in you that will extend empathy to another person. Withholding judgment Making judgment is not an easy task because it is the last step and can have an impact which can rarely change the minds of a person. It is suitable to have an understanding about ones view then weigh effectively. It is uneasy to make judgment especially when it is the first time to interact with the person or client (Ciaramicoli Ketcham, 2013). Any situation where you find yourself making fast judgments, try to practice the following: Looking carefully on how you can show empathy to the person and try all your best to understand him or her as you are also likely to enhance the individual understand you. Identify what you share in common with the client/person. Inquire some things about the person to know how unique they are or their personal stories. Conclusion Empathy is part of a good life because everyone needs to be shown. Anyone in the United States society can feel hungry, fear or happy, thus, one requires feeling someone is concerned about them and this can be demonstrated through empathy. It is not the role of the counselors only to show empathy when giving advisory services. However, students in psychotherapy and counseling should play a vital role in ensuring others are able to empathy in the society. It is part of life and every individual feels to shown. References Breggin, P. R. (2016). The heart of being helpful: Empathy and the creation of a healing presence. New York: Springer. Brener, M. E. (2014). Evolution and empathy: The genetic factor in the rise of humanism. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland Co. Ciaramicoli, A. P., Ketcham, K. (2013). The power of empathy: A practical guide to creating intimacy, self-understanding, and lasting love. New York, N.Y: Piatkus. Decety, J. (2014). Empathy: From bench to bedside. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. Goldstein, A. P., Michaels, G. Y. (2014). Empathy: Development, training, and consequences. Hillsdale, N.J: L. Erlbaum Associates. Hoffman, M. L. (2013). Empathy and moral development: Implications for caring and justice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Krznaric, R. (2014). Empathy: Why it matters, and how to get it. New York: Perigee. Maibom, H. L. (2014). Empathy and morality. Schulman, S. (2014). Empathy. New York: Plume. Morrell, M. E. (2013). Empathy and democracy: Feeling, thinking, and deliberation. University Park, Pa: Pennsylvania State University Press. Reynolds, D., Reason, M. (2013). Kinesthetic empathy in creative and cultural practices. Bristol, UK: Intellect. Staemmler, F.-M. (2013). Empathy in psychotherapy: How therapists and clients understand each other. New York: Springer. Stebnicki, M. A. (2014). Empathy fatigue: Healing the mind, body, and spirit of professional counselors. New York: Springer Pub. Co. Skultans, V. (2014). Empathy and Healing: Essays in Medical and Narrative Anthropology. New York: Berghahn Books, Inc. Stotland, E., Sherman, S. E., Shaver, K. G. (2013). Empathy and birth order: Some experimental explorations. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.